Hawaiian Islands Weather details & Aloha paragraphs / June 4-5, 2012

Air Temperatures – The following maximum temperatures were recorded across the state of Hawaii Monday:

Lihue, Kauai –                      83   
Honolulu airport, Oahu –   85   (Record high for Monday / 92 – 1992)
Kaneohe, Oahu –                  83
Molokai airport –                  81
Kahului airport, Maui –     85   (Record high for Monday / 91 – 1951)
Kona airport –                     82
Hilo airport, Hawaii –            79

Air Temperatures ranged between these warmest and coolest spots near sea level – and on the highest mountain tops…as of 5pm Monday evening:

Barking Sands, Kauai – 82
Kapalua, Maui – 75

Haleakala Crater –  48 (near 10,000 feet on Maui)
Mauna Kea –         32 (near 13,800 feet on the Big Island)

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live web cam on the summit of near 13,800 foot Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii. This web cam is available during the daylight hours here in the islands…and when there’s a big moon shining down during the night at times. Plus, during the nights you will be able to see stars, and the sunrise and sunset too…depending upon weather conditions. Here's the Haleakala Crater webcam on Maui…although this webcam is not always working correctly.

Tropical Cyclone activity in the eastern and central Pacific – Here’s the latest weather information coming out of the National Hurricane Center, covering the eastern north Pacific. You can find the latest tropical cyclone information (once the season begins June 1) for the central north Pacific (where Hawaii is located) by clicking on this link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center. A satellite image, which shows the entire ocean area between Hawaii and the Mexican coast…can be found here.  Here's a tropical cyclone tracking map for the eastern and central Pacific.

 Aloha Paragraphs

 

   Strong and gusty trade winds, passing windward showers,
especially Maui County and the Big Island…moving
into the leeward sides on the smaller islands at times

Small craft wind advisory for those windiest
coastal and channel waters across the state

Wind advisory on the summits of the Big
Island…and the Haleakala Crater on Maui

This big, just past full moon…is out again tonight!

As this weather map shows, we have a large near 1029 millibar high pressure system to the north-northeast of the islands. Our local winds will continue to be from the trade wind direction…remaining locally strong and gusty through this work week.

The following numbers represent the most recent top wind gusts (mph), along with directions as of Monday evening:

33                Lihue, Kauai – NE 
38                Kuaokala, Oahu – NE
31                Molokai – NE 
32                Kahoolawe – NE
31                Kahului, Maui – NE
36                Lanai – NE
40                PTA Keamuku, Big Island – NE

We can use the following links to see what’s going on in our area of the north central Pacific Ocean.  Here's the latest NOAA satellite picture – the latest looping satellite image…and finally the latest looping radar image for the Hawaiian Islands. 

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands as of Monday evening:
 
0.17               Mount Waialeale, Kauai
0.03               St. Stephens, Oahu
0.00               Molokai
0.02               Lanai
0.00               Kahoolawe
0.35               Puu Kukui, Maui
1.15               Kawainui Stream, Big Island  

Sunset Commentary:  The gusty trade winds will remain active through the rest of this week. The NWS forecast office in Honolulu is keeping the small craft wind advisories over all those windiest coastal and channel waters through 6pm Wednesday…at least. As this satellite image shows, there are clouds over the windward sides, with more to come. Those higher brighter white clouds a bit further to the east are associated with an upper level low pressure system…edging this way. This low pressure system has cold air aloft, which will act to enhance whatever incoming showery clouds that arrive. There have been ongoing thunderstorms over the ocean well to our east, associated this approaching low. There's a chance that one or two thunderstorms might get close to the Big Island at some point into Tuesday.

All of the islands will find at least a modest increase in showers, with the Big Island and perhaps Maui finding the most. This low pressure system will pass, although some remnant cold air above, will keep somewhat more than the ordinary windward biased showers in the forecast through much of this week. The leeward sides will find a few wayward showers being carried over there on the smaller islands, on the gusty trade wind flow.  ~~~ Here in Kula, Maui at 530pm, it was partly cloudy, and somewhat breezy…with an air temperature of 79.7F degrees.  As noted above, there will be periods of passing windward showers as we continue through the week, at least at times.  I'll be back early Tuesday morning, I hope you have a great Monday night wherever you happen to be spending it! Aloha for now…Glenn.

Extra: Youtube video, Tom Petty playing Runnin' Down a Dream…from the Full Moon Fever album

Central Pacific Ocean:  There are no active tropical cyclones expected through late Saturday night.

Eastern Pacific Ocean: There are no active tropical cyclones through the next 48 hours.

Atlantic Ocean:  There are no active tropical cyclones through the next 48 hours.

Western Pacific Ocean: The Joint Typhoon Center Center (JTWC) is maintaining warnings on weakening typhoon Mawar (04W), which was located 148 NM east-southeast of Kadena AB, Okinawa. Sustained winds were 92 mph, with gusts to near 115 mph.  Here's the JTWC graphical track map, along with a NOAA satellite image.

Indian Ocean: There are no active tropical cyclones.

Interesting:  On June 5th, 2012, Venus will pass across the face of the sun, producing a silhouette that no one alive today will likely see again. Transits of Venus are very rare, coming in pairs separated by more than a hundred years. This June's transit, the bookend of a 2004-2012 pair, won't be repeated until the year 2117. Fortunately, the event is widely visible. Observers on seven continents, even a sliver of Antarctica, will be in position to observe it.

The nearly 7-hour transit begins at 3:09 pm Pacific Daylight Time (22:09 UT – 12:09pm HST) on June 5th. The timing favors observers in the mid-Pacific where the sun is high overhead during the crossing. In the USA, the transit will be at its best around sunset. That's good, too. Creative photographers will have a field day imaging the swollen red sun "punctured" by the circular disk of Venus.

Observing tip: Do not stare at the sun. Venus covers too little of the solar disk to block the blinding glare. Instead, use some type of projection technique or a solar filter. A #14 welder's glass is a good choice. Many astronomy clubs will have solar telescopes set up to observe the event; contact your local club for details.

Transits of Venus first gained worldwide attention in the 18th century. In those days, the size of the solar system was one of the biggest mysteries of science. The relative spacing of planets was known, but not their absolute distances. How many miles would you have to travel to reach another world? The answer was as mysterious then as the nature of dark energy is now.

Venus was the key, according to astronomer Edmund Halley. He realized that by observing transits from widely-spaced locations on Earth it should be possible to triangulate the distance to Venus using the principles of parallax. The idea galvanized scientists who set off on expeditions around the world to view a pair of transits in the 1760s.

The great explorer James Cook himself was dispatched to observe one from Tahiti, a place as alien to 18th-century Europeans as the Moon or Mars might seem to us now. Some historians have called the international effort the "the Apollo program of the 18th century." In retrospect, the experiment falls into the category of things that sound better than they actually are.

Bad weather, primitive optics, and the natural "fuzziness" of Venus's atmosphere and other factors prevented those early observers from gathering the data they needed. Proper timing of a transit would have to wait for the invention of photography in the century after Cook's voyage. In the late 1800s, astronomers armed with cameras finally measured the size of the Solar System as Edmund Halley had suggested.

This year's transit is the second of an 8-year pair. Anticipation was high in June 2004 as Venus approached the sun. No one alive at the time had seen a Transit of Venus with their own eyes, and the hand-drawn sketches and grainy photos of previous centuries scarcely prepared them for what was about to happen. Modern solar telescopes captured unprecedented view of Venus's atmosphere backlit by solar fire.

They saw Venus transiting the sun's ghostly corona, and gliding past magnetic filaments big enough to swallow the planet whole. 2012 should be even better as cameras and solar telescopes have improved. Moreover, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory is going to be watching too. SDO will produce Hubble-quality images of this rare event.