Air Temperatures – The following high temperatures (F) were recorded across the state of Hawaii Sunday…along with the low temperatures Sunday:

75 – 73  Lihue, Kauai
85 – 74  Honolulu, Oahu
81 – 71  Molokai AP
83 – 70  Kahului AP, Maui
81 – 72  Kailua Kona
79 – 69  Hilo AP, Hawaii

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands Sunday evening:

3.61  Mount Waialeale, Kauai
6.74  Poamoho RG 1, Oahu
0.39  Molokai
 0.18  Lanai
 0.01  Kahoolawe
1.54  West Wailuaiki, Maui
2.85  Piihonua, Big Island

The following numbers represent the strongest wind gusts (mph) Sunday evening:

18  Mana, Kauai
27  Kuaokala, Oahu
32  Molokai
27  Lanai
37  Kahoolawe
15  Hana, Maui
28  South Point, Big Island

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live webcam on the summit of our tallest mountain Mauna Kea (nearly 13,800 feet high) on the Big Island of Hawaii. Here’s the webcam for the Haleakala Crater on Maui. These webcams are available during the daylight hours here in the islands, and at night whenever there’s a big moon shining down. Also, at night you will be able to see the stars — and the sunrise and sunset too — depending upon weather conditions.


Aloha Paragraphs

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Moisture and unstable conditions continue

http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/cpac/ir4.jpg
Deep clouds in the vicinity…with embedded thunderstorms 

http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/hi/ir4.jpg
Mostly cloudy across the state

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Showers locally…some are heavy – Looping image

 

~~~ Hawaii Weather Narrative ~~~

 

 Flood Advisory…most of Oahu

 Gale Warning…Alenuihaha Channel

High Surfing Advisory…east facing shores of Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, and the Big Island

Small Craft Advisory…All coastal and channel waters

 

Broad Brush Overview: An active upper level trough is sweeping across Kauai County, bringing heavy rain showers and thunderstorms to the islands of Kauai and Niihau. Enhanced showers and thunderstorms from this upper trough has reached parts of Oahu as well. Elsewhere moist and somewhat unstable conditions will linger across the eastern half of the state, with scattered rain showers expected…especially along the windward and mountain slopes. A drying trend begins Monday afternoon as a strong ridge builds in over the islands, and we shift to a windy east-southeast weather pattern…with more typical scattered windward and mountain showers.

Details: Numerous showers and a few thunderstorms are developing near Kauai, as an upper level trough moves across the western edge of the state. This in turn will produce widespread showers, heavy at times with isolated to scattered thunderstorms across Kauai and Niihau. Enhanced showers and thunderstorms will reach Oahu with time, some of these developing showers will become locally heavy as well. Elsewhere forecast guidance continues to show east-southeast winds producing mostly scattered showers over each island…with elevated chances along the east and southeast slopes of the Big Island.

Looking Ahead: A strong ridge builds into the state from the northeast Monday, with a surface trough just to the west of the islands. Stronger winds are forecast to blow across the island chain Monday night onward. Wind advisories will likely be needed later in the week for portions of the state. Downward motions aloft (subsidence) under this strong ridge will start a drying trend across the island from Monday afternoon onward…with a much needed break in the wet weather. We may once again find deep moisture pushing northward across Kauai next weekend, although there are no cold fronts forecast across our area.

Here’s a wind profile of the Pacific Ocean – Closer view of the islands / Here’s the vog forecast animation / Here’s the latest weather map

Marine environment details: A moist and unstable airmass will keep a chance of thunderstorms in the forecast for the western half of the coastal waters. Mariners should be alert for strong, shifting winds and frequent lightning with any thunderstorms that develop.

A Small Craft Advisory (SCA) remains posted for most waters, including all windward areas, due to strong east-southeast winds and elevated seas. Gales will be possible in some areas around Maui County and the Big Island during the middle and later part of the new week.

A long and rather broad fetch of easterly winds will continue to produce at least advisory level surf along east facing shores through the next several days. The latest model guidance continues to show that surf could reach warning levels on those shores as early as Monday night or Tuesday. The large surf combined with high astronomical tides, could cause some coastal inundation issues…along some low lying areas exposed to the east.

Small surf is expected along north, west and south facing shores during the upcoming week.


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Rainy weather at times…some will be heavy



World-wide Tropical Cyclone activity

Here’s the latest PDC Weather Wall Presentation…covering the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the western Pacific


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>>> Atlantic Ocean:

>>> Caribbean Sea:

>>> Gulf of Mexico:

Here’s a satellite image of the Caribbean Sea…and the Gulf of Mexico

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Eastern Pacific:

Here’s a wide satellite image that covers the entire area between Mexico, out through the central Pacific…to the International Dateline.

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Central Pacific:

Here’s a link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)

>>> Northwest Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones

>>> South Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones


>>> North and South Indian Oceans / Arabian Sea: No active tropical cyclones

Here’s a link to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)


Interesting: How Much Salt Do You Need to Survive? – Salt: It’s 40 percent sodium, 60 percent chlorine and 100 percent delicious.

The constantly-debated question: How much salt do you actually need to be healthy? On one hand, your body needs the nutrients in salt to survive — particularly sodium.

“Sodium is the most important extracellular electrolyte,” Dr. Paul Whelton, a professor of global public health at Tulane University. “It plays a role in many, many health functions.”

Electrolytes are tiny substances that dissolve in water to create positively- and negatively-charged ions that conduct electricity. A proper balance of these charges inside and outside of your cells is crucial to regulating many bodily functions, including hydration, blood pressure, and proper functioning of nerves and muscles.

And yet, as important as sodium is, most Americans consume way too much of it. According to the federal government’s official dietary guidelines, the average American adult should ingest a maximum of 2,300 milligrams of sodium every day — a far cry from the estimated 3,400 mg the average person actually consumes. High-sodium diets like these have been widely linked to hypertension (high blood pressure), which can increase your risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke.

So, how much salt do you actually need to survive?

“The minimum in a country like the United States is probably about 1500 mg a day,” Whelton said. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), this is about the amount adults with high blood pressure should aim to consume each day. It’s also the daily amount the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends for babies under three years old.

Other organizations suggest that full-grown adults can get away with far less.  According to the American Heart Association (AHA), the minimum physiological requirement for sodium is less than 500 mg a day — or less than the amount in one quarter of one teaspoon of table salt.

For most Americans, eating this little sodium is near impossible. Of the roughly 3,400 mg of sodium the average American consumes every day, about 71 percent (or roughly 2400 mg) comes from added salt in processed and prepared foods, the CDC estimates. Eschewing a dash of table salt on your dinner will hardly make a dent in a sodium diet that’s largely determined by food manufacturers, Whelton said.

Certain groups of people, however, face a heightened risk of dropping below their minimum sodium needs and developing a condition called hyponatremia, which occurs when sodium becomes too diluted in the body, causing cells to swell up with water. Inflamed cells can cause myriad health problems including headache, nausea and fatigue — and may even be life-threatening.

Older adults with decreased kidney function, or anyone who takes medication that affect sodium levels (such as diuretics that help flush excess water and sodium from the body), face a heightened risk of hyponatremia. So do athletes who drink excessive amounts of water but fail to replace the sodium they sweat out while exercising. (This is why many sports drinks contain added electrolytes.)

Most people, however, don’t need to worry about getting enough salt. Whatever salt you get in your regular daily meals is probably more than enough to keep your cells well-oiled.

“I’m not too hung up on 1500 mg,” Whelton said, “because most of us are so far away from consuming even that.”