Air Temperatures – The following high temperatures (F) were recorded across the state of Hawaii Sunday…along with the low temperatures Sunday:

78 – 62  Lihue, Kauai
82 – 68  Honolulu, Oahu
mm mm  Molokai
80 – 59  Kahului AP, Maui
82 – 69  Kailua Kona
81 – 67  Hilo AP, Hawaii

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands Sunday evening:

0.01  Kokee, Kauai
0.01  Olomana
 0.00  Molokai
 0.00  Lanai
 0.00  Kahoolawe
0.01  West Wailuaiki, Maui
0.09  Mountain View, Big Island

The following numbers represent the strongest wind gusts (mph) Sunday evening:

13  Mana, Kauai
17  Kuaokala, Oahu
13  Molokai
21  Lanai
25  Kahoolawe
23  Kapalua, Maui
24  Kealakomo, Big Island

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live webcam on the summit of our tallest mountain Mauna Kea (nearly 13,800 feet high) on the Big Island of Hawaii. Here’s the webcam for the Haleakala Crater on Maui. These webcams are available during the daylight hours here in the islands, and at night whenever there’s a big moon shining down. Also, at night you will be able to see the stars — and the sunrise and sunset too — depending upon weather conditions.


Aloha Paragraphs

http://weather.unisys.com/satellite/sat_ir_enh_west_loop-12.gif
High pressure west-northwest…and east-northeast

http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/cpac/ir4.jpg
An unusually clear Sunday night

http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/hi/ir4.jpg
Mostly clear

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Showers mostly offshore to the west of the Big Island
Looping image

 

~~~ Hawaii Weather Narrative ~~~


Small Craft Advisory…all coasts and channels except Maalaea Bay


High Surf Warning…north and west shores of Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, and north shore of Maui


High Surf Advisory…north and west shores of the Big Island

 

Broad Brush Overview: The generally light wind conditions kept daytime sea breezes and nighttime land breezes in place Sunday. There were a few afternoon clouds, although with very few showers…otherwise mostly clear skies prevailed. The trades will return into Monday, then strengthen and become strong and gusty by Wednesday. Windward and mountain showers may become more frequent Tuesday onward…as the trades increase.

Details: Dry weather prevails, which will remain in place through Monday. The surface ridge is forecast to drift slowly northward Monday. This will allow light trade winds to return, although winds will remain weak enough to allow sea breeze development across some areas. Trade winds are forecast to gradually increase, with these sea breezes confined to the more sheltered leeward areas. Rain chances will remain low the next couple of days, especially over the western and central islands, as models show limited moisture, along with the deep layered ridge continuing to strengthen over the state. The pattern will gradually shift to clouds and passing showers focusing over the windward and mountain areas…as the trade winds gradually increase.

A much stronger surface high is forecast to build far north by mid-week, in the wake of a weak cold front. The front will not have any direct impact on our weather, although the building high will cause trade winds to increase significantly Wednesday, possibly to Wind Advisory threshold over land…with gales over windier waters. The models aren’t in agreement on how strong these blustery winds will become, although there’s still time for the models to sort out any disagreements during the next few days. The GFS shows a return to land and sea breezes for next weekend, as a trough deepens to our west, causing winds to veer to the southeast, which brings Big Island blocking of the smaller islands into play…along with carrying volcanic haze (vog) as well.

Looking Further Ahead: Strengthening trades would normally bring increased showers to windward portions of the islands, although continued deep layered ridging aloft, and below normal moisture levels should keep showers limited in strength and coverage through Wednesday. A weak upper trough forecast to develop to our west, along with a modest increase of low level moisture should increase rain chances, especially for windward areas….by the later part of the week. A cold front is shown by both the ECMWF and GFS models, stalling north of Hawaii by late next weekend. At this time both models show the greatest moisture pooling along this front, remaining north of Hawaii along with most of the precipitation.

Here’s a wind profile of the Pacific Ocean – Closer view of the islands / Here’s the vog forecast animation / Here’s the latest weather map

Marine environment details: The largest northwest swell of the season continues to impact the islands. Warning level surf associated with this northwest swell will likely hold through Monday for exposed north and west facing shores, then lower to advisory levels Monday night through Tuesday, then drop below advisory levels through mid-week. The latest wave model guidance appears to have backed off on the previously advertised large north-northwest swell filling in by mid-week as a reinforcement.

Impacts associated with the large surf will include the potential for overwash onto vulnerable roadways (mainly at and around high tides through tonight) and significant beach erosion.

Local winds will remain light, then begin to strengthen through the week as high pressure builds north of the islands. Advisory level winds will be possible as early as Monday into Tuesday for the windier channel waters east of Molokai, then across all or most waters Wednesday through Thursday. Winds may even near, if not reach…gale force levels by Thursday.

For the extended, surf along east facing shores will begin to build Thursday, then potentially near advisory levels Friday into the weekend.


https://i.pinimg.com/originals/20/81/d2/2081d2b603e92deba8a3c8c6d819bcfc.jpg
Giant surf on the north and west shores…gradually dropping



World-wide Tropical Cyclone activity

>>> Here’s the latest PDC Weather Wall Presentation, covering Tropical Cyclone 06S (Berguitta) in the South Indian Ocean, along with a tropical disturbance being referred to as Invest 90W east of Singapore, Malaysia…and finally a second tropical disturbance being referred to as Invest 99S in the Mozambique Channel


https://icons.wxug.com/data/images/sst_basin/gl_sst_mm.gif


>>> Atlantic Ocean:

>>> Caribbean Sea:

>>> Gulf of Mexico:

Here’s a satellite image of the Caribbean Sea…and the Gulf of Mexico

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Eastern Pacific:

Here’s a wide satellite image that covers the entire area between Mexico, out through the central Pacific…to the International Dateline.

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Central Pacific:

Here’s a link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)

>>> Northwest Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones

>>> South Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones

>>> North and South Indian Oceans / Arabian Sea:

Here’s a link to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)


Interesting: Perfectionism on the Rise Among College Students – Today’s college students have more perfectionistic traits than those of decades past, a new study suggests.

The study is one of the first to examine generational differences in perfectionism, which is defined as having excessively high standards for oneself and being overly self-critical.

In the study, researchers analyzed data from more than 41,000 college students in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom who had completed a survey called the “Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale.” The students took the survey between 1989 and 2016.

The survey measures three different types of perfectionism: “self-oriented” perfectionism, or placing high expectations on oneself; “socially prescribed” perfectionism, or thinking that others have high expectations of you; and “other-oriented” perfectionism, or placing high standards on others. Some of the survey’s questions include: “When I am working on something, I cannot relax until it is perfect”; “I find it difficult to meet others’ expectations of me”; and “Everything that others do must be of top-notch quality.”

The researchers found that today’s college students had higher scores on all three types of perfectionism compared with students in earlier decades. Between 1989 and 2016, students’ average score for self-oriented perfectionism increased by 10 percent, the average score for socially prescribed perfectionism increased by 33 percent and the average score for other-oriented perfectionism increased by 16 percent.

This rise in perfectionism may be due to a number of factors, including social media use and competition to get into the best colleges or land well-paying jobs, the researchers said.

“These findings suggest that recent generations of college students have higher expectations of themselves and others than previous generations,” lead study author Thomas Curran, a social psychologist at the University of Bath in the United Kingdom, said in a statement. “Today’s young people are competing with each other in order to meet societal pressures to succeed, and they feel that perfectionism is necessary in order to feel safe, socially connected and of worth.”

For example, some data suggest that social media, which allows people to present a perfect image of themselves, may result in young adults feeling more dissatisfied with their bodies or more socially isolated when they compare themselves with these “perfect” images, the researchers said. However, more research is needed to confirm this, they noted.

In addition, young people face intense competition to get into the best colleges and to move up the social and economic ladder, the researchers said. For example, in 1976, about half of high school seniors expected to earn a college degree, compared with 80 percent in 2008. But the actual percentage of young adults who earn college degrees hasn’t kept up with their rising expectations: The gap between the percentage of high school seniors expecting to earn a college degree and those who obtain a college degree doubled between 1976 and 2000, Curran said.

The rise in perfectionism could be affecting young adults’ mental health, as there has been an increase in levels of depression, anxiety and suicidal thoughts among college students in recent years, Curran said.

The study was published online in the journal Psychological Bulletin.

>>> As a side note, my friend Jeff is a professor at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and when I ran this article by him…he said he hadn’t noticed this to be true among his college students.